Otto Frisch
Otto Frisch, born in Austria on 1904, fled Germany after Hitler took control of the country in 1933. The following year, Frisch worked with Nils Bohr at the Institute of Theoretical Physics in Copenhagen, Denmark. Six years later, Frisch co-authored a document that explained the process of uranium fission. For the first time, the document described the immense power available through a small amount of uranium, and the resulting cataclysmic reaction. In 1940 Frisch would further his study in molecular research in Britain. Most famously, Frisch is known for his work on the Manhattan Project in 1943, which was responsible for the development of the atomic bombs used to end the war (Simkin, "Otto Frisch").
Robert Oppenheimer
Robert Oppenheimer, born in New York on 1904, received an education from Harvard University in chemistry. After becoming involved with various political undertakings, Oppenheimer became an experimental physicist and worked at Cambridge University. Eventually Oppenheimer received a Ph.D. at a university in Germany before returning to the U.S. in 1929. After returning to the United States, Oppenheimer invested time in the ideas of the American Communist Party, and carried out further research into the separation of two separate uranium isotopes. By 1943 Oppenheimer was promoted to the director position on the Manhattan Project, and expressed regret that he was not able to produce a nuclear weapon fast enough for use on Nazi Germany (Simkin, "Robert Oppenheimer").
Robert Watson-Watt
Robert Watson-Watt, born in Scotland on 1892, received an education from the St. Andrews University, where here worked as meteorologist. However, Watt’s took a scientific approach to develop a system to advise aircraft of upcoming thunderstorms. Specifically, Watson-Watt fostered the idea of using “cathode ray oscilloscopes” to determine meteorological information. By 1924, Watt’s had created a research station related to radio development, and by 1933 he had moved the station to the National Physics Laboratory. Before the war, Watson-Watts had been promoted to the head researcher at a radio research station in Felixstowe, Britain. When World War II began, Watson-Watt used a series of radar stations to be able to detect the arrival of aircraft under any weather condition. After becoming an advisor of science to the Air Ministry, Watson-Watt was accredited for his achievement in the creation of the radar system in 1942 (Simkin, "Robert Watson-Watt").
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